Insulator.



L. STEINBERGER.

INSULATOR. I APPLICATION HL ED MAR. I4,'\9H.

mm. mm .6. ur D1 WW,

L. STEINBERGER INSULATOR. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 14. m1.

1,166,391. Patented Dec. 28, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 WITNESSES INVENTOR Louis Sreinberger Maw BY 44 fly.

NW K

ATTORNEYS LOUIS STEINBERGER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YQR-K,

INSULATOR.

Application filed March 14, 191 1.

1/ 'o (lilac/mm it may concern Be it known that I, LOUIS STEIXBERGER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York. borough of Broolc lyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a, new and Improved. Insulator, of which the following is a full. clear, and exact description.

M yinven'tion relates to insulators; particularly ofthe style known as the disk type, used in connection with electrical conductors or with 'res or cables employed for guying towers, poles, etc.; and the insulator is more especially intended for use in connection with conductors for conveying currents of high potential.

An object of the invention is to provide an insulator, and more particularly a disk strain insulator, having materially increased dielectric properties, and at the same time possessing mechanical strength to a high degree.

iikmong more specific objects of my invention are the following: to provide a practically storm-proof insulator; to provide disk members of a noval form made integral with the'body member, and so disposed as to virtually increase thedistance between the metallic strain mei'nbers to thereby avoid, or to reduce to a minimum, the possibility of surface leakage; to provide the body part of the insulator with a portion disposed between the disks, which can serve to support either a conductor or a separate strain member disposed at an angle (ordinarily a right angle) to the general direction of the axis of thebody portion of the insulator; to provide a disk insulator of such construction that it may readily be connected to other insulators either rigidly or flexibly; to prevent the formation of arcs by providing interrupted and sheltered portions, and also, by lengthening the path through which the are might otherwise tend to occur; to provide a maximum of dielectric efficiency with a minimum of weight and a minimum of material; to provide the body portion of the insulator with disks of such conformation, and disposed in such relation to each other and to the body portion. that they act as shields for certain parts of the disk, as well as for parts of the body portion, while at the same time each will be so disposed as to free itself of n'ioisturc with the greatest facility and prevent rain, snow or sleet from molstening the entire surface of the insulator; to construct Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 28,1915. Serial No. 614,325. i

an insulator provided at certain edges and peripheral portions with a ring-like member, for the purpose of distributin dissipating and weakening the electrical stresses when they have extended to the portion or por- -tions of the insulator to which the ring-like members are connected, the said ring-like members furthermore serving, also in their preferred form, the purpose of strengthening the edge portions of the disks; to provide a strain insulator having fireproof insulating material disposed between the strain mei'nbers, and to provide for a separate mass of insulating material over and about and inclosing the said fireproof material.

Owing to the novel form and disposition of the disks relatively to each other and to the body portion of the insulator, a very large factor of safety is provided, even under severest weather conditions. Interrupted and protected surfaces are provided, guarding against the bad effects of moisture or deposits of soot, dust, etc, thereby reducing the possibility of surface leakage to a minimum and making it practically impossible for a continuous conducting path to be formed over the outer surface of the insulater from one terminal to the other.

My invention also has in view to increase the usefulness of the insulator by adapting it for application in various relations; also, the invention results in a strain insulator having provision for receiving mechanical stresses in two or more directions simultaneously.

My invention furthermore constitutes, in one form, a strain insulator of the disk type,

provided with projecting annular members,

one within another, the outer edge of the central one of said members extendlng outwardly for a greater distance from the disk than the one next to it, and so on, for

the purpose of preventing the drip from one of said members from falling on the next adjacent one.

My invention furthermore provides a strain insulator provided with a strain or supporting member circumjacent to the central. outer surface of the body portion, and further provided with additional insulated strain members in alinement with each other for the purpose of dead-ending, or for supporting conductors, or for use in other relations.

Reference is to be had to the accompany ing drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is an end View of a strain insulator embodying one form of my invention; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. l, but illustrating another form of the invention; Fig. 4c is a longitudinal "vertical section taken on the line 4i of Fig. 05 Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of one of the metallic members of the strain insulator, hereinafter referred to as the basket member of the strain devices; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail sectional view of the periphery or edge portion of a disk tipped with an annular member which. preferably is of metal, and Fig. i" is perspective view of the basket member illustrated in Fig. 5, with the metallic end devices for making connections with other insulators or with suitable supports for dead-ending conductors, or otherwise, as may be required; the

view furthermore including an interposed mass of fireproof material having insulating properties and which forms a uniting medium between the two terminals of the strain devices, so that said strain devices, in con nection with said fireproof material, constitute a strain complete within itself both as a strain and as possessing insulating attributes independently of the disk insulator in which said strain is intended to be incorporated.

In embodying my invention in a strain in sulator, the metallic strain or tension members 5 and 10 are oppositely disposed and embedded in a mass of insulating material which is bulked around thesaid metallic members to produce the body 12, which may advantageously be of globular shape, as shown, and on said body there are formed disks .13, which diverge from each other in an outward direction, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 2, so that the outer tapered edges 14; are spaced a material distance apart.

On the outer faces of the disks 13 there may be produced, as in the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2, projecting annular members 15 and 16. 'that portion of the body 12 between the bases of the disks will have a length connnensurate with the voltage that the disk is required to take care of, and to the end that the body portion 12" may be made of any required length in constructing the insulator for a current of a particular tension, the disks are separate and distinct on the body. It will be observed that the disks are shown as concznoconvex, which fori'n produces rounding lines that afford less lodgmcnt for accumulations of dust, and will more edectivcly shed rain falling on the insulator, and at the same time protect certain portions of the disk and the body portion from rain, snow, etc. The projecting an effective interlock bet. a the said in annular members 15, 16, have applied thereto, preferably at the outer edges, as shown in Fig. 2, a conducting material 15 16 to distribute, dissipate and weaken any electric stresses reaching the said material. By applying the material to the edges of the members 15, 16, rotective tips for theedges are provided. he edges of thedisks 13 are similarly tippers, as shown' "The principal means for forming a connection with the cable or other supporting means for the insulator consists, in the present instance, of eyes 18 and 20, the said eyes having respectively threaded sockets 17 and 19, or equivalent expedients, of which the member 17 engages an externallythreaded stem 7 that projects through the body of insulating material, from the metallic strain member 5, and the member 19 engages the projecting threaded end 11 of the metallic member 10.

The strain member 5 1sadvantageously iven what ma be termed a basket sha e b 7 the said member being hollow, and leading to the interior thereof is a wide axial opening 5, the interior space and the conformation of the walls of the interiorbeing such that the said member 5 receives the inner end of the opposed strain member 10, which opposed strain member has its inner end formed desirably with a conical or outwardly flaring head 10*. The end surface may be notched or formed with a kerf, as

at 10. Thus, is will be seen from the sect onal VlGW tllilt there is a space surrounding the inner end of the strain member 10 and separating the same from the interior walls of the opposed strain member 5, the flaring or conical end 10 approxin'iately paralleling the corresponding inclined surface on the interior of the member 5, the intervening space extending also between the end surface of the head 10 and the opposed bottom surface of the interior wall of said basket member 5. The space thus provided is filled with a suitable fictile mate rial having necessary insulating properties; I prefer to employ for the filling of the mentioned space between the strain members a fireproof material 30 which advantageously extends outward a considerable distance along the shank of the strain 10, as clearly illustrated in Figs. l and T, the said material l'urtherinor. riding laterally from the interior of tin ask ctas 30", in an outward direction into openin in the sides of the basket. whereby to 1m material and the baske time to form a connccno V opposed members and the readily be ui'nlerstood. I do not limit to the us of particular material the abr c na d insulating fictile proofii'ig quail r, although I prefer to em- ,7 and in find lodgment.

ploy one of a cementitious nature, such for instance as Portland cement mixed with a small percentage of wax, which mixture when molded, will harden in the form shown in the drawings so as to positively and rigidly bind the parts 5 and 11 into a substantially unitary structure such as may be used of itself, or which may be covered, and the metallic parts thereof further i11- sulated, by the mass of insulating material 12 formed with moisture resisting outer surface formations illustrated. It will be obvious that the insulating material lying in the openings 5* and in the kerf or notch 10 will prevent-anyturning movement of the strain members 5 and 10 relatively to each other and relatively to the interposed insulating material 30.

It will be observed from Fig. 2 that the main body 1:2 of insulating material, with the integral disk, is molded or otherwise formed around the described tension members and fireproof material, entirely surrounding the said fireproof material and surrounding also the tension members, ,ex-

cept forthe projecting ends 7 and 11 and their connecting devices 18 and 20. The edge (5 of the member 5 is preferably thickened, as clearly indicated in the'drawings, to give increased strength to the said mem ber 5 at this point.

The outer faces of the disks 13, in Figs. 1 and 2, are formed with projecting annular members 15, 16, which serve to increase the surface of the insulator, to guard against surface leakage, and also serve to protect certain portions of the disk. There are situations, however, in whicl rdust or the like is present in large quantities, and the same might find lodgment to an undesirable extent in the recesses between the members 15, 16. 'I provide, therefore, to guard against the tendency mentioned, the form of insulator illustrated in Fig. 4, in which the disks present plane concave-convex surfaces, upon which snow, sleet, dust or the like, cannot In Figs. 3 and 4,21indicates a central mass or body portio'nof the insulating material; 22 the disk, 23 the outer edge of the disk, which may be reinforced by a metallic ring, if desired, and indicates that portion of thebody between the disks which, its in the first described form may, in practice,

have an area commensurate with the current. which the insulator 18 designed for carrying. The outer 'coneaved surface 31 of each disk I prefer to merge into the rounding surface of the convexed ends 21 of the body 21, which body, it will be observed in both figures, is approximately globular or spherical. in general conformation, a form which is not diilicult to mold, and at the same time provides rounding lines that. will be effective and will. not afford ready lodgment for accumulations of any sort. The ,spherical form also provides in a convenient and ef fective manner for the bulking of the insulating material around the metallic ten sion members.

I In Figs. 1 and 2 I have illustrated also a desirable feature which may be advantageously embodied in the insulator, the same consisting of an annular member 35 circum- 'jacent to the central portion of the body between the disks, said member being o1'di narily of metalfor affording the necessary physical strength, and which will serve also to distribute, dissipate and weaken electrical stresses when they extend to that portion of the insulator. This ring may be made in separate parts and clamped about the body of the insulator, as shown, or it may be positioned thereon during the molding operation when the insulator is formed. 'The said ring is provided with eyes 36 disposed ordinarily at points about ninety degrees removed from the ends of the axial strain members previously described. The said 1 eyes 36 serve for making connections, whereby the'said eyes and ring on which they are carried will constitute a strain at an angle, usually a right angle. to the axial strain.

I do not limit myself to the use, in all cases,'of the exact form nor exact details of construction-and arrangement of any or all of the parts herein shown and described, as it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made therein with- 3 out departing from the spirit or scope of my invention; neither do I limit myself to em-- 'ploy in every instance metallic ring-like members, nor to provide the disks in every instance with projecting annular members; 1

neither do I limit myself to the use of any prescribed materials. I prefer, however, to employ the insulating material well known in this art as electrose, neither do 1 limit myself to the use of the annular reinforcing rings for tipping the edges of disks on strain insulators, as such rings may as well be used upon insulators for other purposes.

Insulators should be designed with as large a margin as practicable between the arcing-overvoltage, and the puncture yoltage, and yet they must thoroughly insulate the normal potentials. Of course it would be desirable to avoid ai'cingover. but prac ticai xperience has shown that this is im possible of attainment, and. therefore, means of harmlessljv' dissipatii'ig the energy of the arc must be devised.

y invention enables me to construct insulators of various types which are provided 1 with means for erpializing the dielectric stress and providing a path for arcs. allowing a harmless dissipation of their energy. My invention also provides means for the in shedding Water, snow, sleet, dust, ete edistri hntioniiithe electrostatic field sur- 1 5 and from missiles and shots when in service.

The arcing voltage may be increased in practically direct proportion .With the number of units. The arcing rings on my insulators greatly reduce the tendency to punc ture by induced potential effects, and without reducing the effective insulation of the line.

The fact that the arcing rings are channelshaped in cross section disposes portions thereof upon relatively opposite surface portions of the insulator and causes the rings to be effective as arcing members with respect to either or both of said surface portions. This construction also affords the areing rings a more rigid grip upon the material of the insulator. v

The arcing rings may be arranged to rest upon the surface of the insulator, but pref erably they are embedded in the surface so as to lie flush therewith, and thereby present an even and unbroken surface for discharges thereover. No corners orrecesses are provided for the retention of moisture and the like, and at the same. time a moremttractive S0 and pleasinga'ppearance is presented; It will be noted also, particularly by reason of the arrangement of flanges or disks, the arcing rings carried thereby actually surround the attaching means 18 and 20 of the insu-- lator. It is also pointed out that the several arcing rings on the corrugated outer surface of one of the." disks are relatively nearer to each other than to any arcing ring on the ,other disk. An are traveling from 40 one strain member to the other therefore Will be caused to traverse the entire surface of the first disk before reaching the other and the likelihood of'puncture is thus more floositively avoided.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a device of the class described, an insulator comprising a body of fictile insulating material having oppositely disposed strain members extending therein and embedded in said iiclile material, one of said strain members being provided with .a cupshaped portion, and the other with a conically shaped portion which extends within said cup in lapping r ation, to exert a bursting-strain upon the v. firs of said cup, and a metallic band closely hated to said body portion and encircling the lapped portion of said strain members.

2. An insulator comprising a body of insulating material having means for attaching a line and means adapting it to be attached to a support, said body being further provided with a substantially annular extending portion, and a substantially annular channel-shaped ring of metal snugly fitting about the peripheral-edge of said extending portion.

3. An insulator comprising a body of insulating material having means for attaching a line and means adapting it to be attached to a support, said body being further provided. with a substantially annular extending portion, and a substantially annular channel-shaped ring of metal snugly fitting about the peripheral edge 0' aid extending portion, and said channel-shaped ring being embedded in the material of said peripheral portion so as to lie flush with the adjacent surface thereof.

t. An insulator comprising a body of insulating material having means for attaching a line and means adapting it to be attached to a support, said body being further provided with a substantially annular ex tending portion, and a plurality of conductor rings of different diameters carried by said annularextending portion arranged to encircle an imaginary straight line extending between the line attaching means and the support attaching means. i

An insulator comprising a body insulating material having means for attaching a line and means adapting it tobe at tached to a support, said body being further provided with a plurality of concentrically arranged axially extending portions, and a substantially annular conductive member carried by each of said extending 'portions.

.6. An insulator comprising a body of insulating material having spaced attaching means thereon, a plurality of substantially annular extending portions encircling one of said attaching means in substantially con centric relation, a substantially annular eonduotive member carried by each of said X- tending portions, saidconductive members being of different diameters and being disposed concentrically of each other.

7. An insulator comprising a body of in sul'ating material having attaching means at opposite ends thereof, a ring of conducting material disposed about said body intermediate the planes ofv its ends, a flange of insulating material projecting outwardly from said body between said ring and one of said attaching means, and a ring of conducting material carried by said flange. 8. An insulator comprising a body of in- ,sulating material having attaching means at opposite ends thereof, a ring of conducting material disposed about said body intermediate the planes of its ends, a flange of insulating material projecting outwardly from said body between. said ring and one of said attaching means, a second flange of insulating material projecting outwardly from said body between said ring and said upon said body intermediate said "attachmg means, at least one surface of said disklike portion having annular raised portions thereon, and rings ofconducting material carried by said raised portions substantially concentric with one of said attaching means.

10. An insulator comprising a body of in- .sulating material having spaced attaching means thereon, a disk-like portion formed upon said body intermediate said attaching 'means, at least one surface of said disk-like portion having annular raised portions thereon, rings of conducting material carried by said raised portions substantially concentric with one of said attaching means, and a ring of conducting material carried at the peripheral edge of said disk-like portion.

11. An insulator comprising a body of insulating material having spaced attaching means, and having outstanding flanges thereon, and a plurality of annular concen trically disposed conductive members of different diameter located upon the edges of said outstanding parts.

12. An insulator comprising a body of 111- sulating material having spaced attaching means and an outstanding protective part,

and a plurality of concentrically arranged conductive members provided upon said body and upon said protective part, said conductive 'members' being embedded so as to lie flush with the adjacent surfaces.

13. An insulator comprising a body of insulating material. having spaced attaching means thereon, said body being further provided with a disk-like portion thereon extending outwardly therefrom intermediate said attaching means so as to lengthen the surface extent between said attaching means, a continuous ring of conductive material carried upon one surface of said disk-like portion, and said ring having a part extending to and providing a continuous ring of conductive material upon the opposite surface of said disk-like portion.

14. In insulators for the support of electric conductors, an insulating body provided with circumferential rims and protectingrings of metal embedded in the insulating body on the peripheries of said rims, substantially as described.

15. In insulators comprising covers or petticoats, a metal ring embedded in the periph-f 'eries or rims of the said covers or Petticoats,

substantially as described.

In testimony whereof-I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribin witnesses.

OUIS STEINBERGER. Witnesses:

J. L. MCAULIFFE, PHILIP D. ROLLHA'US.

Copies of this patent may. be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

- Washington, D. G. 

